在 CentOS 上使用 Packstack 安装单节点 OpenStack

2022-8-13

前言

之前写过一篇在 ubuntu 上使用 DevStack 部署 OpenStack 的文章。但是，由于 DevStack 软件和一些安装包托管在 github 上，在国内进行安装下载软件比较困难。后来尝试在 CentOS 8 上使用纯手工的方式部署 OpenStack，由于 CentOS 8 的下架也就没有继续更新后面的几个组件的安装了。这篇文章是在 CentOS 7 上使用 Packstack 部署 OpenStack，相比于之前的两种方式要更加的容易，因为只要需要编写一个应答文件就可以了，同时需要的软件源在阿里云镜像源上都有。CentOS 7 支持到 2024 年，还有两年的时间可以折腾，两年之后依赖什么系统，那就再说吧。

环境准备

硬件准备

  1. 内存：大于 6G，越大越好
  2. CPU：大于 4核，越多越好
  3. 存储：大于 100G，越大越好
  4. 网络：至少一个接口，且可以访问互联网
  5. 类型：物理机或虚拟机

软件准备

  1. 操作系统：CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-2009
  2. OpenStack 版本：OpenStack-train

前期配置

安装操作系统

最小化安装 CentOS 7.9

关闭 SELinux

  1. 临时关闭
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
  1. 修改配置文件，永久关闭
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

设置 SELINUX 为 disabled

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

关闭防火墙

关闭防火墙并设置防火墙为开机不启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld

修改网卡名称并配置网络

  1. 重命名网卡配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@localhost network-scripts]# mv ifcfg-ens32 ifcfg-eth0
  1. 编辑网卡配置文件
[root@localhost network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static        # IP 地址为静态配置
NAME=eth0
DEVICE=eth0             # 网卡设备名
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=172.16.8.100     # IP地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0   # 子网掩码
GATEWAY=172.16.8.2      # 网关
DNS1=114.114.114.114    # 主 DNS
  1. 关闭网络管理软件 NetworkManager
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop NetworkManager
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable NetworkManager
  1. 修改开机引导文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/default/grub

在 spectre_v2=retpoline 后新增 net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

GRUB_TIMEOUT=5
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"
GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true
GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto spectre_v2=retpoline net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet"
GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

重新生成 GRUB 并更新内核参数

[root@localhost ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

配置 yum 软件源

  1. 删除已有的 repo 文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost ~]# rm -fr *
  1. 下载在线源文件（这里使用的阿里云的镜像源）
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
  1. 更新缓存
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache

安装基本软件

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y bash-completion vim net-tools wget ntpdate

配置时间同步

这里使用的是阿里云的 NTP 授时服务器

[root@localhost ~]# ntpdate ntp.aliyun.com

修改主机名和配置 hosts 文件

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname controller
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
172.16.8.100    controller

开始安装

配置 RDO-OpenStack 软件源

  1. 配置 epel 源
[root@controller ~]#  wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
  1. 配置 RDO 源
[root@controller ~]# yum install -y https://rdoproject.org/repos/rdo-release.rpm
[root@controller ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/rdo-release.repo 
[openstack-train]
name=OpenStack Train Repository
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/cloud/$basearch/openstack-train/
# mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=7&arch=$basearch&repo=cloud-openstack-train
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-SIG-Cloud
  1. 更新缓存
[root@controller ~]# yum clean all
[root@controller ~]# yum makecache
  1. 查看软件缓存列表
[root@controller ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * rdo-qemu-ev: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
repo id                                                    repo name                                                                          status
base/7/x86_64                                              CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                               10,072
epel/x86_64                                                Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64                                     13,756
extras/7/x86_64                                            CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                                512
openstack-train/x86_64                                     OpenStack Train Repository                                                          3,168
rdo-qemu-ev/x86_64                                         RDO CentOS-7 - QEMU EV                                                                 63
updates/7/x86_64                                           CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com                                             4,101
repolist: 31,672

安装依赖包

  1. 安装 leatherman 1.3.0-9.el7
[root@controller ~]# yum install -y leatherman-1.3.0-9.el7.x86_64
[root@controller ~]# rpm -q leatherman
leatherman-1.3.0-9.el7.x86_64
  1. 安装 python2-qpid-proton-0.26.0-2.el7.x86_64
[root@controller ~]# yum install -y python2-qpid-proton-0.26.0-2.el7.x86_64
[root@controller ~]# rpm -q python2-qpid-proton-0.26.0-2.el7.x86_64
python2-qpid-proton-0.26.0-2.el7.x86_64

安装 packstack

[root@controller ~]# yum install -y openstack-packstack

生成 RDO 应答文件

[root@controller ~]# packstack --gen-answer-file=/root/openstack.ini
Additional information:
 * Parameter CONFIG_NEUTRON_L2_AGENT: You have chosen OVN Neutron backend. Note that this backend does not support the VPNaaS or FWaaS services. Geneve will be used as the encapsulation method for tenant networks
[root@controller ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  openstack.ini

编辑应答文件

[root@controller ~]# vim openstack.ini

按照以下内容对 openstack.ini 文件进行修改，除修改以下所列项外，其他项不保持变（密码字段，可根据需要自行修改，这里全部配置为了 123456）

CONFIG_DEFAULT_PASSWORD=123456
CONFIG_AODH_INSTALL=n
CONFIG_MARIADB_USER=root
CONFIG_MARIADB_PW=123456
CONFIG_KEYSTONE_DB_PW=123456
CONFIG_KEYSTONE_ADMIN_EMAIL=root@localhost
CONFIG_KEYSTONE_ADMIN_USERNAME=admin
CONFIG_KEYSTONE_ADMIN_PW=123456
CONFIG_NEUTRON_ML2_TYPE_DRIVERS=vxlan,flat
CONFIG_NEUTRON_ML2_TENANT_NETWORK_TYPES=vxlan
CONFIG_NEUTRON_ML2_MECHANISM_DRIVERS=openvswitch
CONFIG_NEUTRON_L2_AGENT=openvswitch
CONFIG_NEUTRON_OVS_BRIDGE_MAPPINGS=extnet:br-ex
CONFIG_NEUTRON_OVS_BRIDGE_IFACES=br-ex:eth0
CONFIG_NEUTRON_OVS_EXTERNAL_PHYSNET=extnet
CONFIG_PROVISION_DEMO=n

开始安装

使用编辑好的应答文件进行安装

[root@controller ~]# packstack --answer-file=/root/openstack.ini
Welcome to the Packstack setup utility

The installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20220809-155808-CJshER/openstack-setup.log

Installing:
Clean Up                                             [ DONE ]
Discovering ip protocol version                      [ DONE ]
Setting up ssh keys                                  [ DONE ]
Preparing servers                                    [ DONE ]
Pre installing Puppet and discovering hosts' details [ DONE ]
Preparing pre-install entries                        [ DONE ]
Setting up CACERT                                    [ DONE ]
Preparing AMQP entries                               [ DONE ]
Preparing MariaDB entries                            [ DONE ]
Fixing Keystone LDAP config parameters to be undef if empty[ DONE ]
Preparing Keystone entries                           [ DONE ]
Preparing Glance entries                             [ DONE ]
Checking if the Cinder server has a cinder-volumes vg[ DONE ]
Preparing Cinder entries                             [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova API entries                           [ DONE ]
Creating ssh keys for Nova migration                 [ DONE ]
Gathering ssh host keys for Nova migration           [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova Compute entries                       [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova Scheduler entries                     [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova VNC Proxy entries                     [ DONE ]
Preparing OpenStack Network-related Nova entries     [ DONE ]
Preparing Nova Common entries                        [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron API entries                        [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron L3 entries                         [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron L2 Agent entries                   [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron DHCP Agent entries                 [ DONE ]
Preparing Neutron Metering Agent entries             [ DONE ]
Checking if NetworkManager is enabled and running    [ DONE ]
Preparing OpenStack Client entries                   [ DONE ]
Preparing Horizon entries                            [ DONE ]
Preparing Swift builder entries                      [ DONE ]
Preparing Swift proxy entries                        [ DONE ]
Preparing Swift storage entries                      [ DONE ]
Preparing Gnocchi entries                            [ DONE ]
Preparing Redis entries                              [ DONE ]
Preparing Ceilometer entries                         [ DONE ]
Preparing Aodh entries                               [ DONE ]
Preparing Puppet manifests                           [ DONE ]
Copying Puppet modules and manifests                 [ DONE ]
Applying 172.16.8.100_controller.pp
172.16.8.100_controller.pp:                          [ DONE ]         
Applying 172.16.8.100_network.pp
172.16.8.100_network.pp:                             [ DONE ]      
Applying 172.16.8.100_compute.pp
172.16.8.100_compute.pp:                             [ DONE ]      
Applying Puppet manifests                            [ DONE ]
Finalizing                                           [ DONE ]

 **** Installation completed successfully ******

Additional information:
 * Time synchronization installation was skipped. Please note that unsynchronized time on server instances might be problem for some OpenStack components.
 * File /root/keystonerc_admin has been created on OpenStack client host 172.16.8.100. To use the command line tools you need to source the file.
 * To access the OpenStack Dashboard browse to http://172.16.8.100/dashboard .
Please, find your login credentials stored in the keystonerc_admin in your home directory.
 * The installation log file is available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20220809-155808-CJshER/openstack-setup.log
 * The generated manifests are available at: /var/tmp/packstack/20220809-155808-CJshER/manifests

验证安装

命令行

  1. 导入 OpenStack 访问密钥
[root@controller ~]# source keystonerc_admin
  1. 查看 Nova 组件服务
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# nova service-list

image-20220809163401870

  1. 查看服务列表
[root@controller ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack service list
+----------------------------------+------------+--------------+
| ID                               | Name       | Type         |
+----------------------------------+------------+--------------+
| 29b3be88324449118440cd72c1bdc674 | cinderv3   | volumev3     |
| 36ca1b3ef5f44c22951283ecf157d02b | neutron    | network      |
| 5403e654121c4690a28a4b0970857993 | swift      | object-store |
| a6b4198b645d415e9b1a8123cb088078 | aodh       | alarming     |
| bf2149be65344b94aee5ed59f4ae4d9f | nova       | compute      |
| cc39a43522e04d43967a2328d8dab935 | glance     | image        |
| d82544dd2cfe4edc81877b8e7a0dcda6 | ceilometer | metering     |
| e07efd435825458e907e3681881fe27d | keystone   | identity     |
| e9139dc2a30c440b88208de0ca0b78f6 | gnocchi    | metric       |
| ea42fb99e1b542e289105f111f15bc17 | placement  | placement    |
| f019f96acff9429a965770bb099687d0 | cinderv2   | volumev2     |
+----------------------------------+------------+--------------+

访问 dashboard

  1. 打开浏览器，访问 http://172.16.8.100/dashboard

image-20220809163444342

  1. 输入账号: admin 密码：123456 登录

image-20220809163519537


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文章：在 CentOS 上使用 Packstack 安装单节点 OpenStack
作者：Guangran
链接：https://www.rsecc.cn/731.html
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